Are you facing problem when trying to view small objects and print? Perhaps this is because of your magnifier which is incapable of making a tiny object appear big enough for proper viewing. The field of view is important in this context. As the power increases, the glass lens diameter and field of view decreases. At 5X, field of view is about 1.5 inches, while at 10X, it is about 0.5 inch. Magnifying glass 10X has been a solitary zoom lens or perhaps a couple of contacts mixed with each other. Ideally the best thing to do is use low power for scanning larger surfaces and high power for small areas.
Mainly jewelry retailers use magnifiers to see jewelry pieces and gemstones. Also different professionals use them to locate clues to resolve crimes. Archaeologists rely on them to see artifacts and ancient monuments, while stamp enthusiasts use magnifying glass to look at distinctive stamps. To choose the right magnifier for the job, you need to determine the size and the character of the object to be seen. For example, a single lens is perfect for low powers. People require higher power magnifiers for improved resolution and correction of chromatic or other aberrations. Working distance is also essential, which means the distance from the magnifier to the object. This distance is important with regard to the type of work that must be done under the magnifying glass lens. If your work requires using different tools then a magnifier with a long working distance will give enough space to both use the tools and view the object. If you want to view an object 10 times bigger than its original size, you must use a magnifier 10X, which will zoom the object ten times. Whenever we pay attention to an item with a 10x magnifier, how far the range between an item and the magnifying glass is considered appropriate? This particular range is called the ‘focal length’. The central length is dependent mainly on the eye energy of the optical components. As the energy from the zoom rises, the central length decreases. After you make a decision to choose the magnifier with 10x zoom, you need to decide which kind of materials your zoom lens should be made from. There are mainly two types of materials to be used - glass and a type of plastic material known as acrylic. Most lens manufacturing companies prefer to use glass, as it provides a better vision compared to plastic lens. However, glass lens are heavier and also get easily damaged and break off on falling on the ground. Polymer lens will not easily get damaged and it is also scratch resistant for using longer. Nowadays, you can buy magnifying glass 10X easily from the comfort your home via the online process. Article is provided by Optics- Sourcing. To compare your quotes from qualified optic vendors visit -http://optics-sourcing.com.
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Grinding glass lenses Start grinding glass lens by partly filling a small pan with #220 or #240 carborundum or Aloxite mixed with water. Apply the mixture to both the lens and the grinding tool, and then place the two with the upper glass held at the edge by fingers and thumb of your hands. With the sound of grinding becoming faint, slide the tool and add abrasive. Keep this up for 15-20 minutes to make the upper glass, if concave, become more concave and the lower glass more convex. After a spell of #220 grinding check the radius and the lens center thickness, and also the centering, commonly called OwedgeO. Wedge should be maintained at less than 0.001 during #220 grind and below 0.0004 inch for #400 grind. To measure wedge, place the clean dry lens on the fixture with the dial plunger resting inside the rim. If you are creating a cemented doublet and using the flint lens to grind the mating curve, lookout for the center thickness of the flint lens in order to leave sufficient material to grind the flat side. To bevel the edges, grind the sharp corners with a #220 carborundum stone held at a 45 degree angle with adequate water upon the lens and the stone. Polishing lenses Before dealing with the polishing process, make sure to use 15 inch fluorescent tube as the source of monochromatic light for interference fringe testing of the lens surface. Use gummed paper, duct or masking tape to wrap the edges of the two shellacked convex and concave wood discs to provide a circular dam three eighths of an inch high above the surface. Pour melted pitch level full into the concave disc and allow the pitch to cool to attain flexibility. Then press into it the convex R2 that has been tarnished with diluted Cerium Oxide or Barnesite. As the lens sinks into the pitch, material bulges out at the edge. Push it back against the glass lens while moving the lens around over the pitch until it is totally fitted. Remove the lens at this point and freeze the pitch by immersing in cool water, and then strip off the dam. Repeat this process with the second wood tool. The first polishing task includes polisher shaped by R3. This polisher is fastened to the pedestal, the concave lens rubbed over it until there is enough OshineO to perform a knife-edge and Ronchi test. When tests are done, polish the surface completely after verifying its radius and sphericity. Now take the plate glass tool that ground R1 for polishing. Press the concave side on warmed pitch polisher that finished R3. The next step involves polishing the flat surfaces of the R1 test glass and R4. Polish the flat of R1 test glass until it is clear enough to see through, and then begin polishing R4. R1 and R2 are next to be polished by using the polisher already made. Warm it and press it to whichever radius you wish to polish first. As polishing proceeds, use the test glass as needed to bring about a 3 fringe or better match for both sides of the biconvex lens. Article is provided by Optics- Sourcing. To compare your quotes from qualified optic vendors visit -http://optics-sourcing.com. Whether you deal with optical components occasionally or professionally use them, sooner or later there is a high chance of you coming across an optical component that isn’t obvious. So, rather than keeping it aside, it is important for you to find out what its performance and properties are. A great way to understand the characteristics of an optical component for optics manufacturing is by placing the same into a high accuracy device like an interferometer. However we will assume you only have access to standard tools. Then how can you summarize an optical component? Focal Length and Diameter One of the most significant aspects of an optical component is how big it is and how far away it can project an image plane. You will come across some optics that doesn’t even have an image plane; instead they produce a virtual image. However, to find the focal length of a lens, you simply need to hold the lens above a desk or another flat surface and allow light from a distant source to pass through the lens. If the lens is convergent or rather if it has a “real image” of focus, you will see a focused return on the desk or surface. For the sake of clear understanding, let’s say you take into consideration light shining from the ceiling, passing through the lens, and focused onto a desk. Adjust the lens until you get a clear focus. Now, you measure the distance from the desk to the center of the lens. This is known as the focal length for that side of the lens. You should repeat the process to measure the other side of lens. Remember, each side has a different focal length! For lens molding services, you also need to measure the diameter of a lens. For this, use a ruler. After taking note of these two measurements, you will have a clear understanding of the lens’s performance. To note, a more specific measurement of lens is related to the physical offset of the peak center point of the lens versus its sides. In a convex lens, the maximum recess point is what is measured. You can use a spherometer to measure this radius. To measure lens of a small diameter, you can construct a small spherometer via the following method:
For creating standoffs, you can use a drill press to press silver BB’s into Allen head cap bolts. The BB’s are used as the bearings which would contact the base of the lens. Next you have to take an aluminum flat stock and drill a small hole in the center. Then use a caliper to measure the diameter and score a circle on the stock. Finally, index 3 holes at 0, 120 and 240 degree marks. Drill a tapped at these points to accept the Allen screws. Finally open up the center hole to accept a dial indicator. Using spherometer is easy if you place the device on a flat surface. You can also place the lens under this device. Article is provided by Optics- Sourcing. To compare your quotes from qualified optic vendors visit - http://optics-sourcing.com. Lens used in a camera operates in a similar way as our eyes. Just like the human eye, the lens sees an image, focuses on it, transmits its colors, sharpness, and brightness through the camera to the photographic film and record the image for processing and future use. Design A camera lens is designed after identifying the purpose of its use. The designer selects the optical and mechanical materials, the optical design, suitable method for creating the mechanical parts and the type of interface between lens and camera. There are patterns found for different categories of lenses, including macro, wide-angle, and telephoto lenses. In selecting materials, the lens engineer must consider a range of metals for the components and various types of glasses and plastics to produce lenses. Extra design work is needed if the lens focuses automatically because the auto focus (AF) module must work with a range of camera bodies. The AF module requires both software and mechanical design. Extensive prototype testing is done to fine tune software for each lens. Raw Materials and the Lens Manufacturing Process Grinding and polishing lens elements Dedicated vendors supply optical glass to the lens manufacturers in the form of “pressed plate” or sliced glass plate. The glass elements are shaped to concave or convex forms using a curve generator machine. To reach its shape specifications, a lens goes through several processes. The polishing particles become smaller in each step as the lens is refined. Speed is varied in case of curve generation and subsequent grinding depending on the weakness, softness, and oxidation properties of the optical materials. After completing grinding and polishing, the elements are then centered so that the outer edge of the lens matches in circumference relative to the centerline or optical axis of the lens. Lenses made of plastic or bonded glass and resin are produced by the same process. Coating the lenses Produced lenses are coated to protect the material from corrosion, to prevent reflections, and to meet the specific requirements, or color balance and version. Regarding what the coatings are made of, some types of coatings include metal oxides, light-alloy fluorides, and layers of quartz. Producing the barrel The barrel includes the frame that supports various lens elements and the cosmetic exterior. Lens mounts may be made of brass, aluminum, or plastic. If the barrel is made of engineering plastic, it is produced by a highly efficient and precise method of injection molding. Assembling the lens Other parts of the lens, including the diaphragm and auto focus module, are produced as sub-assemblies. The iris diaphragm is made of curved leaves cut out of thin metal sheets. The metal leaves are held in place by two plates, one fixed and the other movable. The diaphragm assembly is fastened into place when the lens mount is attached to the end of the barrel. The auto focus is also added, the optical elements are positioned, and the lens is sealed. After final assembly, the lens is adjusted and reviewed rigorously. Lenses may also be tested by subjecting them to shocks, dropping, and vibration. This article is provided by Optics- Sourcing. To compare your quotes from qualified optic vendors visit official website http://optics-sourcing.com. |